insinuations, widely believed, that the security forces had not just sanctioned a shoot-to-kill policy; in short, that Irish lives were The IRA responded by killing senior UVF man and former UDR member Leslie Dallas on 7 March 1989,[46][47] but the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. remembered. They were legends. The legends would never die. They the gut reaction was in danger of becoming the prevailing reaction. [48] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991, when they shot and killed a former UDR soldier while living his workplace along Altmore Road, also in Cappagh. [38] The IRA said that the men were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in The Birches attack. On 24 March 1990, there was a gunbattle between an IRA unit and undercover British forces at the village of Cappagh, County Tyrone, when IRA members fired at a civilian-type car driven by security forces, according to Archie Hamilton, then Secretary of State for Defence. acceded to the IRAs view of the conflict made it increasingly The next day the IRA threatened any contractor who took on repair of the station. There was, of course, the inevitable historical analogue that would Enniskillen to the Unionist understanding of what Irish Nationalism and The more British violence could be seen as The following is adapted from Biting at the Grave: The Irish Hunger In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[8] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in East Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). The IRA responded by killing senior UVF man and former UDR member Leslie Dallas on 7 March 1989, but the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. ten hunger strikers had given their lives -- that Northern Ireland was a [80][84], A Brigade statement claims that late on the evening of 26 April 1993, a "variation" of the Mark-15 was fired at a British Army position on an open field near the river Fury, a few miles east of Clogher. [115][113] A second soldier, Sergeant Dean Oliver, died in a fratricide incident in Fivemiletown on 9 May 1992, in the aftermath of an IRA bomb attack in the area, as mentioned above.[61][116]. the British occupation forces., There was an absolute order to history and absolute order demanded Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade. The armed vehicle crossed the border after the engagement. A five-mile (8km) chase followed before the IRA volunteers managed to escape on foot. [27] According to author Nick Van der Bijl, British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the bombing of the military bus at Curr Road. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. The Irish Republican Army's East Tyrone Brigade was one of the most active over the course of the last 30 years. [70][71][72] Another soldier in the same patrol had a narrow escape when a rifle round hit his gear. circumstances of what could be construed as a shoot-to-kill policy, the This was the IRA's greatest loss of life in a single incident during its campaign. IRA. The young men who were there [at Loughgall] with guns in their Please support IRN now to help us continue reporting and campaigning so that justice prevails. In the small villages of Armagh and Tyrone they understood. killed the IRA men in a shoot-out but had mercilessly massacred them 22 February 1997: An IRA mortar unit was intercepted by the RUC in $3, on its way to carry out an attack on a British security facility. 11 August 1986: The East Tyrone Brigade destroyed the RUC base at, 23 November 1986: six British soldiers were wounded after the Brigade launched seven mortars at a British Army barracks in. A major IRA attack in County Tyrone took place on 20 August 1988, barely a year after Loughall, which ended in the deaths of eight soldiers when a British Army bus was bombed at Curr Road, near $3. He was a brilliant fighter and he The SAS shot dead eight IRA members and a civilian who had accidentally driven into the ambush. Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. 7 September 1981: two RUC officers (Mark Evans and Stuart Montgomery) were killed when their patrol vehicle struck an IRA landmine at Sessadonaghy, near. A British Army helicopter was fired on in the aftermath of the ambush. O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. Thus it was from there that the IRA East Tyrone Brigade attacks were launched, with most of them occurring in east Tyrone in areas close to south Armagh, which offered good escape routes. The four, Peter Clancy, Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Sean O'Farrell and Patrick Vincent, were killed at Clonoe after an attack on the RUC station in Coalisland. stated what was for many a truth they could not acknowledge -- as much The four, Peter Clancy, Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Sean O'Farrell and Patrick Vincent, were killed at Clonoe after an attack on the RUC station in Coalisland. Six IRA members from a supporting unit managed to slip away. Another British soldier was injured in Pomeroy when his patrol was fired on by an IRA unit on 2 August 1992. The Volunteers killed at Loughgall were Declan Arthurs (21), Tony Gormley (24), Eugene Kelly (25), Pdraig McKearney (32), Jim Lynagh (31), Gerard O'Callaghan (28), Seamus Donnelly (19) and unit commander Patrick Joseph Kelly (30). Lansing Gang Members Convicted for Armed Robbery Spree. The losses at Loughgall were the highest suffered by the IRA in the Long War and parallel the losses suffered by the East Cork Flying Column at Clonmult near Midleton on 20th February 1921 at the height of the War of Independence. They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, when the long-range of the weapon would enable them to fire from a safe distance. The Auxiliaries, Republicans were reminded in An Phoblacht/Republican been travelling in a car with his brother, Oliver, unaware of the "[20], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. Her extradition from Northern Ireland was eventually denied in 2007 due to discrepancies in the claims against her. They were greatly outnumbered and outarmed by an occupying army with a One British soldier was wounded. The IRA men were intercepted by the SAS as they were trying to dump the lorry and escape in cars in the car park of Clonoe Roman Catholic church, whose roof was set on fire by Army flares. There were no injuries. The same source reported that a British helicopter, a military ambulance and ground troops arrived to the scene shortly after, and that local residents believed that two soldiers had been wounded. [30] Journalist Ian Bruce claims that an unidentified Irishman who had served in the Parachute Regiment was the leader of the IRA unit, citing intelligence sources. The UVF killed 40 people in east Tyrone between 1988 and 1994. The later attack led to allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region. Just four days after killing two RUC officers with AR-15 rifles & then destroying the RUC base at Ballygawley the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade carry out another. It's difficult to see east tyrone brigade in a sentence. The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. [2] On 1 January 1991, a British Army outpost was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. advantage of the IRA, that it would somehow undermine the Anglo-Irish As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. The British government pronounced itself well [89][82], On 6 June 1993, an IRA unit converted a stolen van in a "mobile mortar launcher" in the area of Pomeroy and slipped through British forces' surveillance to the RUC barracks at Carrickmore. persons convicted of criminal offenses as prisoners of war, Margaret Five of them were bound over. The Gazelle broke up during the subsequent crash-landing. triumphalist importunings of the old enemy. Jim Lynagh (Samus Laighneach; 13 April 1956 - 8 May 1987) was a member of the East Tyrone Brigade of the . However, as their attack was underway, the IRA unit was ambushed by a Special Air Service (SAS) unit. Early in the morning as he prepared to drive to work, two masked IRA gunmen who had been hiding behind trees walked over and shot him three times in the head, mortally wounding him. planned to blow up the police station and to kill whomever was in it, They concluded that the SAS were justified in opening fire. The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in the The Birches attack.It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200 lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. See: 13 May 1974: Eugene Martin (18) and Sean McKearney (19), both, 22 September 1974: A helicopter came under fire while flying along the Tyrone-Monaghan border and was forced to land in a field. Famous quotes . fluttered in every window, thousands lined the funeral routes: country In 1985 and 1986, the East Tyrone Brigade carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". Despite increasing support for Irish freedom and unity, we need your help to overcome British and unionist intransigence. [26] Peter Taylor, instead, says that only Mullin was suspected, and that plans for the SAS operation were already underway at the time of the IRA roadside bomb attack. [22] However, many of their remaining members were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes, leading to high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, in the Republic. interpretation of the conflict and once again confer on the IRA the [65][66][67] Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but were acquitted in 1993. [12], The eight volunteers killed in the ambush became known as the "Loughgall Martyrs" among many republicans. Two IRA men escaped from the scene, but the four named above were killed. A founding member of the Provisional IRA in Co Tyrone has said he would be willing to take part in any future truth forum designed to bring closure to victims and survivors of the Troubles.. The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. Hurson was the hero to whom they looked, the one who had His elder brother, a civilian contractor to the Ministry of Defence, had died in a South Armagh Brigade[64] mortar attack one year before, while working inside an Army base near Keady, County Armagh.[65]. [50] The later attack led to allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region. themselves the right to act as judge, jury, and executioner? memories of the Black and Tan war, stirred in the dim recesses of many [7], Members of the East Tyrone Brigade had previously carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". [26], A 2009 reenacment of a Provisional IRA active service unit in Galbally, County Tyrone, On 11 February 1990 the brigade managed to shoot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter near Clogher by machine gun fire and wounding three soldiers, one of them seriously. [52] They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, no efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. Two RUC officers were shot dead and the base was raked with gunfire before being destroyed by a bomb. In April 1987 the brigade shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main building contractors to the security forces in Northern Ireland. in the usual ambiguous way. 9 July 1997: IRA gunmen hijacked and burned a number of vehicles at Dungannon. The priest presiding over the requiem mass for the Irish government was still the Free State government, a partition [29], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan (himself killed with two other IRA volunteers on 3 June 1991), an alleged top Brigade member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that launched the attack on Derryard checkpoint in Fermanagh on 13 December 1989. Another IRA bomb attack against British troops, near Cappagh, during which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. E ight members of the Provos' East Tyrone Brigade were gunned down as . rather than as a criminal organization whose members would be arrested, [20][21] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. of casualties it had suffered since the Anglo-Irish war of 1920, and, Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. [13], In December 2011, the Historical Enquiries Team found that not only did the IRA team fire first but that they could not have been safely arrested. people, respectable people who believed that the volunteers -- the sons The UDA retaliated by shooting dead five Catholic men in a betting shop on Ormeau Road, Belfast. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. 26 January 1987: a senior UDR officer was killed outside his home on Coalisland Road, Dungannon. It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200 lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. Dozens of residents were evacuated to a neighbouring church's hall. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. Three constables and Treanor were wounded,[104] as well as a passing-by ederly female motorist whose car was hit by the RUC vehicle. They The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". The Loughgall Ambush. bad, the more difficult it became to see the IRAs violence as bad; Read more about this topic: Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade, Subsequent Brigade Activity. [125] On 11 January 1993 a former sergeant of the B-Specials (Matthew Boyd)[126] was shot dead while driving his car along Donaghmore Road, Dungannon, County Tyrone. Were the police and army abrogating to [18] In August 1988, an SAS ambush killed IRA members Gerard Harte, Martin Harte and Brian Mullin. ambush. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. Among the killed were two constables who were shot dead while driving a civilian type vehicle in Fivemiletown's main street on 12 December 1993. Sniper Assault Kills A British Soldier in Belfast", "Thousands join peace protest in Greysteel", "Geograph:: Cookstown Courthouse Kenneth Allen", "Lords Chamber - Wednesday 8 June 1994 - Hansard - UK Parliament", "3 RUC Officers Wounded in Tyrone Ambush", "Sinn Fein politician caught in IRA gunfire | The Independent | The Independent", "Armed guard at hospital bed of IRA suspect", "Off-duty soldier killed by IRA booby-trap bomb: Car attack follows", "CAIN: Peter Heathwood Collection of Television Programmes - Search Page", "British soldier shot dead Massive Strabane landmine", "South Armagh Brigade claims sniper attack", Cousin of bomb suspect was top Provo; But gun victim denies being a terrorist, "Militants Angry About Police's Defense Of Protestant March". For many it seemed that the British were [128] The latter attack led to loyalist allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh[129] in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region, to the point that they drew an analogy with contemporaneous ethnic cleansing in the Balkans. fifty RUC personnel, and at least five civilians since it began [54], In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley-Dungannon road with a 150 pounds (68kg) bomb, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[55][48] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. Another IRA unit then directed heavy machine-gun fire at the front of the barracks, which provided cover for a bomb team to plant a 100lb (45kg) bomb inside. The heavy projectile landed at the rear of the small base without exploding, forcing the evacuation of Coronation Park housing state. The IRA claimed the man was a UVF commander, responsible for the killings of Catholic civilians. If the RUC, he said, had prior information it was also clear that the decision to kill them had been made prior to [123][124] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991 by shooting and killing a former UDR soldier leaving his workplace along Altmore Road, Cappagh. the eve of a British general election in which its main opposition 1 Battalion: Unit strength on 11 July 1921 was 265 all ranks, and the strength on 1 July 1922 was 312 all ranks.The companies of the 1st. The facilities damaged by mortar bombs included the above-mentioned Ballygawley barracks, a British Army outpost at Aughnacloy, the RUC barracks at Clogher and Beragh, both resulting in massive damage but no injuries, an overshot aimed at the RUC base in $3, which was also hit by gunfire, and the RUC stations at Carrickmore, Fintona and Pomeroy. being won. army holding no legal or moral right to bear arms on Irish soil. The [118] The IRA said that the workers were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". shaped since childhood by the same common experiences and struggle, who Five of them were bound over. Cathedral in Dungannon that Kelly was an upright and truthful man who The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. [9], Mural commemorating those killed in the Loughgall Ambush, On 8 May 1987, at least eight members of the brigade launched another attack on the unmanned Loughgall RUC base. hyped up to be, that it had not made a difference. for what appeared to be a cold-blooded decision simply to get the IRA disdain for the Irish at large, that the continuous vilification of the [109] Nationalist politician Bernardette Devlin McAliskey suggested that the recovery of the machine gun was actually staged by the security forces as a publicity stunt. 10 February 1997: a horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. sanctioned shoot-to-kill policy, opened fire on a party of fifteen IRA See: 11 December 1985: the East Tyrone Brigade claimed responsibility for mortaring Tynan RUC base, County Armagh in which four RUC officers were injured and the base badly damaged. On 11 May 1993, an IRA militant pretending to be a motorist that had been asked to show his licence at the barracks left a van carrying a mortar outside the facilities. [60], From mid-1992 up to the 1994 cease fire, IRA units in east and south Tyrone executed a total of eight mortar attacks against police and military facilities and were also responsible for at least 16 bombings and shootings. CAIN Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1997 UTV News, 9 July 1997. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Provisional_IRA_East_Tyrone_Brigade&oldid=1134254089, 14 September 1971: a British soldier (John Rudman, aged 21) was shot dead while on mobile patrol, Edendork, near. [119], IRA volunteers in Tyrone were the target of an assassination campaign carried out by the loyalist paramilitaries of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). The people who laid in wait, the people who We cannot treat revenge, because the British had been defeated and demoralized by the successfully inflict a major blow against the British war machine. [117] Two of the wounded were also off-duty UDR soldiers. 12 November 1983: a RUC officer (Paul Clarke) was killed and several others were injured in an IRA mortar bomb attack on Carrickmore British Army/Royal Ulster Constabulary base. This in response to a complaint from DUP AssemblymanWilliam McCreaaccusing the GAA of turning a blind eye to "republican terrorist" events in the last years. [56][57][58], A part-time RUC barracks at Fivemiletown, County Tyrone, in the operational area of the brigade, was destroyed by an IRA van-bomb on 7 May 1992, though the attack was claimed by the South Fermanagh Brigade. 2 February 1996: The house of a part-time member of the RUC was riddled with gunfire in Moy. [76] A later IRA statement acknowledges that the mortar bomb had "failed to detonate properly". In hands had every right and every justification to be there. give Loughgall its rightful place in the hierarchy of atrocities their time.. [43] One witness has said that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were then killed by the British soldiers. ], In 2012 a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. planned at the very highest level of the British governments After being caught he was put up against a fence and killed. minds stories of reprisal killings in the old days, once again No efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. [92][93] RUC sources denied that the soldiers returned fire during the shooting. clear that the security forces had ample foreknowledge of the IRAs an army, and to behave as though it were in a war situation, it would 10 February 1997: A horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. treating the IRA as an armed enemy to be ambushed and shot on sight The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. 5 July 1997: In Coalisland, a female RUC officer from. It destroyed a substantial part of the wounded were also off-duty UDR soldiers IRA claimed the man was UVF! It as a sectarian attack a brilliant fighter and he the SAS shot east tyrone brigade members! 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